NAICS 333

Machinery Manufacturing

NAICS 333: Machinery manufacturing — Caterpillar, Deere, Cummins, construction and agricultural equipment trends.

Industry at a Glance

Sector-wide aggregates across all businesses classified under NAICS 333 (2017 classification frame). For specific sub-industries within this sector, see the individual reports below.

Employment
1.1M
US Census CBP · 2023 · NAICS 2017
Establishments
22K
US Census CBP · 2023 · NAICS 2017
Annual Payroll
$85.1B
US Census CBP · 2023 · NAICS 2017
Avg Annual Wage
$78,310
Derived from US Census CBP · 2023 · NAICS 2017
Market Size
$445.5B
US Census Economic Census · 2022 · NAICS 2017

Industry Overview

Machinery Manufacturing (NAICS 333) covers the production of engines, turbines, power transmission equipment, pumps, compressors, material handling systems, agricultural equipment, construction machinery, mining equipment, metalworking machinery, and HVAC systems. The subsector excludes electrical equipment, motor vehicles, and aerospace products.

Caterpillar (Deerfield, Illinois), John Deere (Moline, Illinois), and AGCO Corporation lead the heavy equipment categories, while Cummins dominates diesel and natural gas engines and Dover Corporation, Illinois Tool Works, and Parker Hannifin operate across diversified industrial machinery segments. Manufacturing concentrates in the Midwest — Illinois, Ohio, Wisconsin, Indiana, and Iowa — where proximity to steel suppliers, skilled labor pools, and agricultural and construction end markets created durable industrial clusters.

The sector exports heavily, with Caterpillar and Deere generating over 50% of revenue from international markets. Trade policy under Section 301 tariffs on Chinese imports and the USMCA's rules of origin provisions directly affect sourcing decisions and competitive positioning. OSHA machine guarding and lockout/tagout standards (29 CFR 1910.147) govern workplace safety, while EPA Tier 4 Final emission standards shape diesel engine design across construction and agricultural equipment categories.

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Market sizing, workforce analysis, competitive landscape, regulatory environment — all sourced from Census, BLS, FRED, and SEC EDGAR.

Industry Trends

01

Caterpillar and John Deere are deploying autonomous and semi-autonomous equipment in mining and agriculture, with Deere's See & Spray technology and Caterpillar's autonomous haul trucks operating at scale in production environments.

EPA

EPA Tier 4 Final emission standards have driven diesel engine redesign across construction and agricultural equipment, pushing manufacturers toward selective catalytic reduction systems and increasingly toward battery-electric alternatives.

03

Section 301 tariffs on Chinese-origin components and steel have prompted supply chain restructuring, with manufacturers diversifying casting and machining sourcing to Mexico, India, and domestic foundries.

04

Electrification of compact construction equipment is accelerating, with Caterpillar, Volvo CE, and Bobcat (Doosan) launching battery-electric mini excavators, loaders, and telehandlers for indoor and urban construction applications.

AGCO

Precision agriculture technology is driving revenue growth at Deere and AGCO, with GPS-guided planting, variable-rate application, and yield monitoring systems commanding equipment price premiums and recurring software subscription revenue.

Available Reports

1 industry report available for purchase under Machinery Manufacturing.

Specialty Reports Available on Request

39 specialty industriesavailable on request
▾
Farm Machinery & Equipment Manufacturing
333111View →
Lawn & Garden Tractor & Home Lawn & Garden Equipment Manufacturing
333112View →
Construction Machinery Manufacturing
333120View →
Mining Machinery & Equipment Manufacturing
333131View →
Oil & Gas Field Machinery & Equipment Manufacturing
333132View →
Food Product Machinery Manufacturing
333241View →
Semiconductor Machinery Manufacturing
333242View →
Sawmill, Woodworking, & Paper Machinery Manufacturing
333243View →
Printing Machinery & Equipment Manufacturing
333244View →
Other Industrial Machinery Manufacturing
333249View →
Optical Instrument & Lens Manufacturing
333314View →
Photographic & Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing
333316View →
Other Commercial & Service Industry Machinery Manufacturing
333318View →
Industrial & Commercial Fan & Blower & Air Purification Equipment Manufacturing
333413View →
Heating Equipment (Except Warm Air Furnaces) Manufacturing
333414View →
Air-conditioning & Warm Air Heating Equipment & Commercial & Industrial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing
333415View →
Industrial Mold Manufacturing
333511View →
Special Die & Tool, Die Set, Jig, & Fixture Manufacturing
333514View →
Cutting Tool & Machine Tool Accessory Manufacturing
333515View →
Machine Tool Manufacturing
333517View →
Rolling Mill & Other Metalworking Machinery Manufacturing
333519View →
Turbine & Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing
333611View →
Speed Changer, Industrial High-speed Drive, & Gear Manufacturing
333612View →
Mechanical Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing
333613View →
Other Engine Equipment Manufacturing
333618View →
Air & Gas Compressor Manufacturing
333912View →
Measuring, Dispensing, & Other Pumping Equipment Manufacturing
333914View →
Elevator & Moving Stairway Manufacturing
333921View →
Conveyor & Conveying Equipment Manufacturing
333922View →
Overhead Traveling Crane, Hoist, & Monorail System Manufacturing
333923View →
Industrial Truck, Trailer, & Stacker Machinery Manufacturing
333924View →
Power-driven Handtool Manufacturing
333991View →
Welding & Soldering Equipment Manufacturing
333992View →
Packaging Machinery Manufacturing
333993View →
Industrial Process Furnace & Oven Manufacturing
333994View →
Fluid Power Cylinder & Actuator Manufacturing
333995View →
Fluid Power Pump & Motor Manufacturing
333996View →
Scale & Balance Manufacturing
333997View →
All Other Miscellaneous General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing
333999View →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is NAICS 333? ▾
NAICS 333 covers machinery manufacturing — the production of engines, turbines, pumps, compressors, agricultural equipment, construction machinery, metalworking tools, HVAC systems, and other mechanical equipment. It excludes electrical equipment (NAICS 335), motor vehicles (NAICS 336), and aerospace products. Caterpillar, John Deere, and Cummins are among the sector's largest employers.
Which companies are the largest U.S. machinery manufacturers? ▾
Caterpillar leads in construction and mining equipment. John Deere dominates agricultural machinery. Cummins is the top independent engine manufacturer. Illinois Tool Works, Dover Corporation, and Parker Hannifin operate across diversified industrial segments. AGCO Corporation is the second-largest agricultural equipment maker. Most are headquartered in the Midwest.
How are EPA emission standards affecting machinery design? ▾
EPA Tier 4 Final standards, phased in between 2008 and 2015, required near-elimination of diesel particulate matter and nitrogen oxide emissions from off-road engines. This drove adoption of diesel particulate filters, exhaust gas recirculation, and selective catalytic reduction. The cost and complexity of compliance accelerated interest in battery-electric alternatives for smaller equipment categories.
What role does the NIMS certification play in the machinery workforce? ▾
The National Institute for Metalworking Skills (NIMS) provides nationally recognized credentials in CNC operation, machining, die making, and other precision manufacturing skills. These certifications validate competency for employers and are increasingly required or preferred for skilled trades positions. The American Welding Society (AWS) plays a similar role for welding qualifications essential across machinery fabrication.
How is autonomous equipment changing machinery manufacturing? ▾
John Deere's autonomous tractor platform and Caterpillar's autonomous mining trucks are in commercial operation. Deere acquired Blue River Technology for See & Spray precision herbicide application. In mining, Caterpillar's Command system operates autonomous haul trucks at sites in Australia and North America. These systems command premium pricing and create recurring software and support revenue streams.

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